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A. Pembahasan
Konfigurasi
Static Routing merupakan mode routing yang dilakukan untuk menghubungkan masing-masing
router atau client agar dapat saling berhubungan atau berkomunikasi dengan
mengkonfigurasi IP Route secara manual pada perangkat Router.
Static
Routing biasanya hanya diperlukan ketika dalam area lokal atau dalam lingkup
kecil saja yang tidak menggunakan perangkat Router maupun Switch yang terlalu banyak. Hanya saja memerlukan konfigurasi yang tidak
sedikit dalam tampilan text.
Sehingga dalam mengkonfigurasi Static Routiing harus
mengetahui konsep dan perintah yang digunakan. Dalam Static Routing ada 3 hal
perlu diperhatikan, yaitu tujuan (destination), netmask, dan gateway (jalur
yang digunakan).
B. Desain
Jaringan
C. Tujuan
Sebuah jaringan LAN tersusun atas beberapa client yang
terhubung ke router melalui swtitch. Dan masing-masing client menerima alamat
IP secara statis dan DHCP dari router. Dengan konfigurasi Static Routing
nantinya semua perangkat dapat saling ping meskipun alamat IP yang dituju
berada dalam jarak yang jauh.
D. Konfigurasi
Konfigurasi yang dilakukan pertama kali berada yaitu
pada perangkat Switch manageable. Konfigurasi yang dilakukan yaitu
mengkonfigurasi vlan.
SWITCH1(config)#vlan 10
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#name LAB_A
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#name LAB_B
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#name LAB_C
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#vlan 40
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#name LAB_D
SWITCH1(config-vlan)#exit
SWITCH1(config)#interface fa0/2
SWITCH1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
SWITCH1(config-if)#interface range fa0/3-4
SWITCH1(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 40
SWITCH1(config-if-range)#exit
SWITCH2(config)#vlan 10
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#name LAB_A
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#name LAB_B
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#name LAB_C
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#vlan 40
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#name LAB_D
SWITCH2(config-vlan)#exit
SWITCH2(config)#interface range
fa0/2-3
SWITCH2(config-if-range)#switchport
access vlan 10
SWITCH2(config-if-range)#interface
fa0/4
SWITCH2(config-if)#switchport access
vlan 20
SWITCH2(config-if)#exit
SWITCH3(config)#vlan 10
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#name LAB_A
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#name LAB_B
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#name LAB_C
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#vlan 40
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#name LAB_D
SWITCH3(config-vlan)#exit
SWITCH3(config)#interface range
fa0/2-3
SWITCH3(config-if-range)#switchport
access vlan 20
SWITCH3(config-if-range)#interface
fa0/4
SWITCH3(config-if)#switchport access
vlan 30
SWITCH3(config-if)#exit
SWITCH4(config)#vlan 10
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#name LAB_A
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#name LAB_B
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#name LAB_C
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#vlan 40
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#name LAB_D
SWITCH4(config-vlan)#exit
SWITCH4(config)#interface range
fa0/2-3
SWITCH4(config-if-range)#switchport
access vlan 30
SWITCH4(config-if-range)#interface
fa0/4
SWITCH4(config-if)#switchport access
vlan 40
SWITCH4(config-if)#exit
Jika sudah mengkonfigurasi vlan kemudian beralih ke perangkat router, yaitu mengkonfigurasi IP Address yang menghubungkan router satu ke router lain.
RT1(config)#interface fa0/0
RT1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1
255.255.255.0
RT1(config-if)#no shutdown
RT1(config-if)#interface fa0/1
RT1(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.2
255.255.255.0
RT1(config-if)#no shutdown
RT1(config-if)#exit
RT2(config-if)#interface fa0/0
RT2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2
255.255.255.0
RT2(config-if)#no shutdown
RT2(config-if)#interface fa0/1
RT2(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1
255.255.255.0
RT2(config-if)#no shutdown
RT2(config-if)#exit
RT3(config)#interface fa0/0
RT3(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.1
255.255.255.0
RT3(config-if)#no shutdown
RT3(config-if)#interface fa0/1
RT3(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.2
255.255.255.0
RT3(config-if)#no shutdown
RT3(config-if)#exit
RT4(config)#interface fa0/0
RT4(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.2
255.255.255.0
RT4(config-if)#no shutdown
RT4(config-if)#interface fa0/1
RT4(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.1
255.255.255.0
RT4(config-if)#no shutdown
RT4(config-if)#exit
Kemudian mengkonfigurasi IP Interface Vlan pada router
RT1(config-subif)#interface fa1/0.10
RT1(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 10
RT1(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
RT1(config-subif)#interface fa1/0.40
RT1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q
40
RT1(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.8.1 255.255.255.0
RT1(config-subif)#exit
RT1(config)#interface fa1/0
RT1(config-if)#no shutdown
RT2(config)#interface fa1/0.10
RT2(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 10
RT2(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
RT2(config-subif)#interface fa1/0.20
RT2(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 20
RT2(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
RT2(config-subif)#exit
RT2(config)#interface fa1/0
RT2(config-if)#no shutdown
RT3(config)#interface fa1/0.20
RT3(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 20
RT3(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
RT3(config-subif)#interface fa1/0.30
RT3(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 30
RT3(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
RT3(config-subif)#exit
RT3(config)#interface fa1/0
RT3(config-if)#no shutdown
RT4(config)#interface fa1/0.30
RT4(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 30
RT4(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
RT4(config-subif)#interface fa1/0.40
RT4(config-subif)#encapsulation
dot1q 40
RT4(config-subif)#ip address
192.168.7.1 255.255.255.0
RT4(config-subif)#exit
RT4(config)#interface fa1/0
RT4(config-if)#no shutdown
Agar sebagian client mendapat IP Address secara DHCP atau Dynamic konfigurasi yang dilakukan yaitu mengkonfigurasi IP DHCP pool.
RT1(config)#ip dhcp pool LAB_D
RT1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0
RT1(dhcp-config)#default-router
192.168.1.1
RT1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
RT1(dhcp-config)#exit
RT2(config)#ip dhcp pool LAB_B
RT2(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0
RT2(dhcp-config)#default-router
192.168.2.1
RT2(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
RT2(dhcp-config)#exit
RT3(config)#ip dhcp pool LAB_B
RT3(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0
RT3(dhcp-config)#default-router
192.168.3.1
RT3(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
RT3(dhcp-config)#exit
RT4(config)#ip dhcp pool LAB_D
RT4(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0
RT4(dhcp-config)#default-router
192.168.4.1
RT4(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
RT4(dhcp-config)#exit
Agar client dapat menerima IP Address secara otomatis dari router konfigurasikan Trunking vlan pada switch
SWITCH1(config)#interface fa0/1
SWITCH1(config-if)#switchport mode
trunk
SWITCH1(config-if)#exit
SWITCH2(config)#interface fa0/1
SWITCH2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
SWITCH2(config-if)#exit
SWITCH3(config)#interface fa0/1
SWITCH3(config-if)#switchport mode
trunk
SWITCH3(config-if)#exit
SWITCH4(config)#interface fa0/1
SWITCH4(config-if)#switchport mode
trunk
SWITCH4(config-if)#exit
Konfigurasi Static Routing pada router
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.8.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.1
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.1
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.6.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.1
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.6.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.1
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
RT1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
RT1(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.1
RT1(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.6.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.2
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.1
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.8.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.2
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.8.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.1
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
RT2(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
RT2(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.2
RT2(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.8.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.2
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.7.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.2
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.2
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.2
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1
RT3(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1
RT3(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1
RT3(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.2
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.1
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.6.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.1
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0 20.20.20.1
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.2
RT4(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.2
RT4(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0
255.255.255.0 30.30.30.1
RT4(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0
255.255.255.0 40.40.40.2
Konfigurasikan IP Routing jika ping ke sesame vlan belum berhasil.
RT1(config)#ip routing
RT2(config)#ip routing
RT3(config)#ip routing
RT4(config)#ip routing
Langkah terakhir yaitu konfigurasi IP Address pada PC
E. Pengujian
Prngujian dilakukan dengan cara melakukan test ping
dari client ke client, client ke router, dan sebaliknya. Jika konfigurasi
berhasil maka test ping akan berhasil dan test ping gagal maka konfigurasi
belum sesuai atau bisa dikatakan ada konfigurasi yang salah.
Semoga bermanfaat.. Jangan lupa share kalo bermanfaat..
Selamat Mencoba!!!!
Terima Kasih ^-^
Terima Kasih ^-^
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